Which of the following is an indication for a lower lingual holding arch?

A lower lingual holding arch is particularly indicated in cases where there is the loss of mandibular second primary molars. This appliance helps maintain the position of the first molars in the mandible and provides support for the adjacent anterior teeth, helping to preserve arch length and keep the proper alignment of the dental arch. When the second primary molars are lost, the first molars may drift mesially into the space, which can lead to a subsequent loss of arch length and potential malocclusion.

Maintaining the position of the remaining teeth is crucial for overall dental development, especially as the child grows and the permanent teeth begin to erupt. By using a lower lingual holding arch, it prevents drifting and helps guide proper tooth eruption in a healthy and aligned manner.

The other options relate to teeth in different locations or types (maxillary vs. mandibular) that do not directly necessitate the specific use of a lower lingual holding arch, making them less relevant in this context.