What best describes the use of calcium hydroxide in pulp treatment?

Calcium hydroxide is primarily used in pulp treatment due to its ability to promote healing in dental tissues. When applied in procedures such as pulp capping or root canal treatment, it serves as a vital pulp therapy agent. Its high pH creates an alkaline environment that stimulates reparative dentin formation and encourages the regeneration of dental pulp tissues. Moreover, calcium hydroxide has antibacterial properties, which help to reduce microbial infection in the area, further supporting the healing of the tooth structure.

The use of calcium hydroxide to promote healing distinguishes it from other possible options, like causing necrosis, which would be detrimental to pulp vitality. Anesthetic properties are not its primary function; rather, it's used for pulp treatments to facilitate healing and tissue response. It is also not typically used as a filling material but can serve as a temporary material or a liner under definitive restorations.